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Article Navigation >  Journal of Genetics and Genomics  > 2026  > Accepted Manuscript

Molecular mechanisms of plant thermal response: from signal transduction and epigenetic regulation to signaling integration

doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2026.03.018
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    a. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China;

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    b. Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China

Funds:

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32070293), the Doctoral Initial Funding Project of Hebei Normal University (L2024B58), and the Hebei Province Postdoctoral Merit Funding Project (B2023003029). The authors deeply regret that many original works and review articles could not be included in this review due to space constraints. The figures were generated using MedPeer (medpeer.cn) with the necessary permissions.

  • Received Date: 2026-02-08
  • Accepted Date: 2026-03-22
  • Rev Recd Date: 2026-03-21
    • Available Online: 2026-03-27
    Abstract
  • Global warming intensification elevates heat stress to one of the major threats to crop productivity. This review synthesizes recent advances in understanding the mechanisms governing plant responses to both moderate and acute heat stress, with a focus on the integration of epigenetic regulation and signaling networks that underpin thermal adaptation. This review highlights how transcription factors PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4, during thermomorphogenesis) and HEAT SHOCK FACTOR A1s (HSFA1s, in heat shock responses) orchestrate plant adaptive growth through crosstalk among light, circadian, and hormone signaling pathways. Importantly, epigenetic mechanisms, including histone variant H2A.Z dynamics and histone modification reprogramming, function as central regulators of thermal plasticity. Key among these processes are HSFA2-mediated chromatin remodeling and small interfering RNA (siRNA)-dependent control of transgenerational thermomemory. Despite this progress, fundamental questions persist regarding temperature sensing, HSFA1s activation dynamics, and stress signal integration. Multi-omics and synthetic biology approaches are proposed to be pivotal in deciphering conserved principles of plant thermal resilience, ultimately providing a theoretical foundation and molecular breeding strategies for climate-smart crops.
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