A telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of <i>Medicago ruthenica</i> enables QTL mapping and marker development for pod shattering resistance

Qiang Li; Mingliang Wang; Wenying Wang; Jing Gao; Yuan Song; Fantong Meng; Linqing Yu; Jinglong Li; Chien-Hsun Huang; Jun Li

doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2026.08.001

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A telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of Medicago ruthenica enables QTL mapping and marker development for pod shattering resistance

doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2026.08.001

a. Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010020, China;
b. State Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes, State Key Laboratory of Wetland Conservation and Restoration, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Sciences and Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China

Funds:

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32160325 and 32371768)

Natural Sciences Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (2025MS03040)

Key Projects in Science and Technology of Inner Mongolia (2022JBGS0020 and 2023YFHH0029).

Received Date: 2026-04-12
Accepted Date: 2026-08-02
Rev Recd Date: 2026-07-30

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References

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Guo, M.W., Zhu, L., Li, H.Y., Liu, W.P., Wu, Z.N., Wang, C.H., Liu, L., Li, Z.Y., Li, J., 2022. Mechanism of pod shattering in the forage legume Medicago ruthenica. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 185, 260-267.

Hu, H., Wu, S., Zheng, Y., Li, A., Wang, Z., Qu, K., Yang, Y., Wang, N., Yang, X., Wan, Y., et al., 2026. Structural variation drives rhizome innovation and adaptive divergence in sister Medicago species. J. Integr. Plant Biol. 68, 406-424.

Shen, L., Yi, C., Liu, Y., Han, F., Feng, J., 2025. Two complete telomere-to-telomere genome assemblies of Medicago reveal the landscape and evolution of its centromeres. Mol. Plant 18, 1409-1412.

Wang, T., Ren, L., Li, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, X., Zhou, G., Gao, D., Chen, R., Chen, Y., Wang, Z., et al., 2021. The genome of a wild Medicago species provides insights into the tolerant mechanisms of legume forage to environmental stress. BMC Biol. 19, 96.

Ye, Q., Zhou, C., Lin, H., Luo, D., Jain, D., Chai, M., Lu, Z., Liu, Z., Roy, S., Dong, J., et al., 2025. Medicago2035: Genomes, functional genomics, and molecular breeding. Mol. Plant 18, 219-244.

Yin, M., Zhang, S., Du, X., Mateo, R.G., Guo, W., Li, A., Wang, Z., Wu, S., Chen, J., Liu, J., et al., 2021. Genomic analysis of Medicago ruthenica provides insights into its tolerance to abiotic stress and demographic history. Mol. Ecol. Resour. 21, 1641-1657.

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